Nhwehwɛmu bi da no adi sɛ wɔtɔn mmoa ne nnua ahorow bɛboro 100,000 wɔ wiase nyinaa, sɛ wɔde fa kwan a enni ho kwan so na wɔyɛ nsɛmɛ, anaa wɔtɔn no sɛ nkɛntɛnso, anaa wɔde di dwuma wɔ apataa yɛ, nnua ne ntadeyɛ nnwuma mu
Afifideɛ ne mmoa ahodoɔ a wɔde di dwuma anaasɛ wɔtɔn no wɔ wuram mmoadoma dwadie mu no dodoɔ no boro deɛ na wɔadwene dada no mmɔho mmienu, sɛdeɛ nhwehwɛmufoɔ no ahunu.
Nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔde ato gua wɔ Science Advances mu bɔ kɔkɔ sɛ ntokurow akɛseakɛse wɔ wiase nyinaa nhwehwɛmu a ɛfa sɛnea wɔtɔn wuram mmoa no mu, na nea atwam nkontaabu ahorow no antumi anka sakrasakra te sɛ ɔntaafo mmoa adwetɔn a ɛrekɔ soro wɔ intanɛt so no ho, baabi a adwadifo a wɔka sɛ wɔbɛmena ananse nkesua akɔ wiase nyinaa anaasɛ wɔde mmoa a wɔwea afiafia akɔ wimhyɛn mu no wɔ baabi a ɛne wo ntam nne koraa.
“Aguadi no akwan asesa. Yennhwɛ so wɔ ɔkwan a ɛda adi no so a, yɛrentumi nhwɛ so,” saa na Alice Hughes, ɔbenfo wɔ University of Melbourne ne nhwehwɛmu no ti kyerɛwfo no kae. “Mprempren, yɛrebu nea nnɛmmere aguadi te sɛ no abu yiye – wɔ ntɔ afieboa aguadi ne nsiesie aguadi fam, yɛnnya no. Na ɛde asiane kɛse ba abɔde mmusuakuw so.”
Nhwehwɛmu yi ba bere a nkɔso a wɔnnya sika no, Center for Biological Diversity a ɛwɔ Amerika no, de abisade too anim rebisa US Fish and Wildlife Service sɛ wɔmfa Javan slit-faced apan no nhyɛ Endangered Species Act no ase, na wɔbɔ kɔkɔ sɛ adetɔfo retɔ apan no de siesie fie, a ɛma ɔyɛ mmoa a ɛrebɛyera koraa. Taxidermy apan no yɛ nea wɔpɛ, titiriw adetɔfo a wɔwɔ Amerika, a wɔrehwehwɛ gothic anaa hu adesiesie a wɔde bɛsiesie Halloween anaa Buronya akyɛde, sɛnea center no kaa.
Mmoa a wɔwɔ wuram no ho dwumadie no hwehwɛɛ mu hunuu mmoa ne nnua ahodoɔ 107,356 a wɔde di dwuma anaasɛ wɔtɔn no wɔ wiase nyinaa – a ɛboro akontaabuo a wɔdii kan a na ɛyɛ bɛyɛ 50,000, a Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) na ɛyɛeɛ no so koraa.
Nhwehwɛmu yi gyina data a ɛyɛ komprehensive kɛse so, ne nhwehwɛmu nkrataa foforo a wɔahwɛ mmoa a wɔtɔn no wɔ intanɛt so de hyehyɛ nneɛma. Ɛkyerɛ mfomsoɔ a ɛwɔ yɛn ntease a ɛfa mmoa bɛn na asiane da hɔ ma wɔn; sɛ nhwɛso no, mmoa ano aborɔwa a wɔahu sɛ wɔtɔn no dodow boro IPBES ne mmoa a wonni nhɔma a wɔtɔn no nyinaa akontaabu so.
Molly Brown, dwumadie panin a ɔhwɛ mmoa ne nnɔbae a wɔde di dwuma ne aguadie ho wɔ International Union for Conservation of Nature mu na ɔyɛ krataa no ho ɔkyerɛwfo baako no, kae sɛ nea wohuhui no yɛ nokware a ɛda adi pefee. “Mmoadoma no dodow a yɛreka ho asɛm no da so yɛ kyɛfa bi a yɛatew so dodo, na ɛno da adi pefee wɔ krataa no mu, efisɛ yentumi nnu baabi na yenni monitoring data ahorow a ɛsɛ sɛ yenya ankasa,” ɔkae.
Nkɔmmɔbɔ a ɛfa wuram mmoa aguadi ho taa gyina nneɛma a ɛtia mmara so, te sɛ asonse anaa pangolin ahhonam a wɔde wia fa no so. Nanso, wuram mmoa aguadi no ka mmeae te sɛ anamoasɛm ne dua aguadi ne atadeɛ ho nneɛma ne mmoadoma a wɔtɔn de siesie nneɛma ho. Eyi ka dwumadie ahorow a ebetumi akɔ so daa, ne aguadi a ɛma mmoadoma ase tɔ koraa.
Sɛ wobɛsesa gyinae a ɛwɔ mmara kwan so adwadi no bo ne nea enni mmara kwan so bɔ no mpo yɛ den. Nnipa a wɔhwɛ wuram mmoa adwadi so no a wɔnhwɛ so yiye no ama akwan ahorow a ɛma mmoa ahorow, a wuram mmoa a ɛyɛ fɛ a nkurɔfo pɛ ka ho, nya kwan wɔ “mmara kwan so,” nhwehwɛmufo no kae.
Mfe ɛnan a atwam no, aman bɛyɛ 200 penpenaa gyee too mu sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ ahu sɛ wuram abɔde a wɔtɔn no yɛ nea “ɛbɛkɔ so daa, ɛwɔ ahobammɔ, na ɛwɔ ho kwan,” sɛ ɔfã bi wɔ botae titiriw bi a ɛpɛ sɛ ɛde abɔde sɛe aba awiei mu. Mmɔdenmɔ a wɔbɔ sɛ wobedu botae yi so no, nkɔmmɔ a enni hɔ fa nea wɔretɔn ne baabi a efi bae ho no siw ɛho kwan.
Hughes kae sɛ, deɛ wɔde susu nkɔsoɔ a wɔanya wɔ wiase nyinaa adwene a wɔagye atom wɔ mmoadoma aguadie ho botaeɛ no ho no, ɛtwe adwene si nsuomnam a wɔakora so so nko ara, a ɛno na ɛbɛyɛ mmoadoma nyinaa a wɔtɔn no 3% a ɛyɛ deɛ ɛkɔ soro paa.
Nimdefoɔ no ka sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nkɔmmɔdeɛ a wɔboaboa ano ne nea wɔde ma mmɔ atakyɛ pii. Wɔ wiase nyinaa mu no, Amanaman Nkabom Nnuane ne Kuayɛ Nhyehyɛe (UN Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) na wɔhwɛ nsuo mu nkam yɛ so, bere a Nhyehyɛe a Ɛfa Amanaman Ntam Dwadie wɔ Wuram Mmoa ne Afifideɛ a Wɔreyera (Cites) hwɛ na ɛhyehyɛ amanaman ntam dwadie a ɛfa mmoa ahorow bɛyɛ 40,000 ho sɛnea ɛbɛbɔ wɔn ho ban afi dwadie a ɛboro so ho.
Nanso, nhwehwɛmufo no kae sɛ eyi gyae mmoa a wɔwɔ asiane mu pii, na wɔbɔ kɔkɔ sɛ Cites nhyehyɛe no yɛ brɛoo dodo sɛ ebetumi adi akyi wɔ nsakrae foforo a ɛfa asiane a ɛto wuram abɔde so ho. Nhwehwɛmu no ka sɛ aman pii nni data biara a wɔahyehyɛ wɔ Cites akyi. "Ɛtɔ da bi a, ɛfa mfe pii ansa na wɔde nneɛma ato dwa, na ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wɔbɛtumi ayɛ sɛ nea wɔayɛw wɔ wuram saa bere no," Hughes kae.
Mmoadoma a wɔadi kan akyerɛkyerɛ mu no taa yɛ nea ɛho yɛ na na baabi a wɔte sua, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔsom bo titiriw wɔ aguadi mu, na wobetumi ayɛ wɔn pasaa ntɛmntɛm.
Chris Shepherd, obi a ɔyɛ abɔde a ɛte ase ho bammɔ ni wɔ Centre for Biological Diversity a wanni nhwehwɛmu no mu bi no, kaa ho sɛ wahwɛ wuram mmoa aguadi no mfe pii na abɔde foforo kɔ so pue bere biara.
“Ɔpɛ a wɔpɛ wiram mmoa, titiriw wiram mmoa a wɔn ho te a wɔtɔn sɛ afiemmoa no, rekɔ soro ntɛmntɛm, na mmoa ahorow a ɛka ho no dodow nso saa ara,” ɔkae. “Saa adwadi yi repia mmoa ahorow a wɔn dodow rekɔ soro daa ma wɔreyɛ nnam, na enti, sɛ wɔde akwan bɛto hɔ a wɔde bɛhwɛ saa adwadi yi so yiye no yɛ nea ɛho hia paa.”
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